The LANforge-ICE Cookbook provides a set of high-level examples of how to
setup useful test scenarios in LANforge-ICE for WAN emulation. Each example
intends to give the reader a brief introduction to the test scenario and a set
of step-by-step instructions on how to use the LANforge-GUI to configure the test.
All of the following examples will work on Linux systems running the
LANforge software with the LANforge kernel and a sufficient license. If you are running
another Linux kernel, you will not be able to exactly duplicate some of the
examples, but there are usually work-arounds available to assist you.
Please contact us at
support@candelatech.com if you have any questions.
If you are using the Windows version of LANforge, you will have to modify ports
using the Windows utilities and you will not be able to duplicate the Routed Mode
ICE examples. Everything else should work approximately the same, but
the performance is limited to 10Mbps speeds.
It is also recommended that you back up your current running LANforge Server
database so that you may safely return to your current operating state.
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Bridged Mode (Non-Routed) WanLink
Goal: To allow LANforge-ICE to sit transparently on a network segment by
using a Bridged Mode WanLink to simulate a WAN.
In this test scenario, a LANforge-ICE WanLink is created in Bridged Mode
to simulate a WAN consisting of a DS1 speed (1.544Mbps) link with 20ms
of delay in one direction and 30ms of delay in the other direction.
- Setup the LANforge Ports so that they have 0.0.0.0 IP addresses.
| Bridged Mode WanLinks use ports that have no IP address
because the ports are transparent to the traffic flowing through them.
|
| A: Go to the Port Manager. |
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| B: Modify port eth0. Set the IP address, IP Mask and Gateway IP to all zeroes (0.0.0.0). |
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| C: Modify port eth1. Set the IP address, IP Mask and Gateway IP to all zeroes (0.0.0.0). |
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| D: Verify port configuration. |
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- Create a WanLink.
| A: Go to the WanLinks tab. |
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B: Create a WanLink.
To simulate a WAN, enter a specific amount of delay or other impairment.
For this example, enter 20ms of delay for Entry Point A and 30ms of delay
for Entry Point B.
Also, be sure to set the correct ports, transfer rate and backlog buffer.
Select 'OK' when done. |
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| C: Verify WanLink creation. |
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| D: Go to the Status tab and select Netsmith to view the graphical representation of the WanLink. |
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| E: This is the general form of a Bridged Mode WanLink in Netsmith.
It consists of two 0.0.0.0 IP addressed ports with a vertical bar between them. |
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- Run traffic and verify results.
Candela Technologies, Inc., 2026 Main Street, Suite A, P.O. Box 3285, Ferndale, WA 98248, USA
www.candelatech.com | sales@candelatech.com | +1 360 380 1618
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Bridged Mode WanLink with Virtual Ports/Redirect Devices
Goal: To setup a Bridged Mode WanLink using RDDs (Redirect Devices).
In this test scenario, a LANforge-ICE WanLink is created in Bridged Mode
using Redirect Devices to illustrate an example of how to send LANforge-FIRE
traffic to yourself through LANforge-ICE. This is useful when physical ports
are in short supply and a proof-of-concept test is needed.
- Setup a Netsmith Connection.
| A: Go to the Status tab and select Netsmith. |
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| B: Right-click to create a new connection.
|  |
C: Take defaults, Auto Create everything and select 'OK'.
NOTE:The new connection is composed of two pairs of Redirect Devices, Port 1A, 1B and Port 2A, 2B and a WanLink.
The new connection is not created until you select the 'Apply' button in the Netsmith window. |
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D: Apply the new connection.
NOTE:The new connection is created and has a Bridged Mode WanLink between Redirect Device ports 1B and 2B which are shown as
smaller, green squares (B-Ports) connected by a vertical bar (WanLink). |
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- Setup the WanLink.
| A: Right-click the WanLink select Modify WanLink. |
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B: Verify that the B-side ports of the Redirect Device pairs are filled in
which in this case are rddVR0b and rddVR1b.
Also be sure to set the impairment, if any, backlog-buffer and transfer rate. Select 'OK' when done. |
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| C: Right-click to toggle the WanLink status to Running (green). |
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- Setup the ports.
| A: Right-click port rddVR0 and select Modify Port. |
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| B: Assign an IP address and Network Mask. |
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| C: Right-click port rddVR1 and select Modify Port. |
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D: Assign an IP address and Network Mask.
NOTE:An alternative method to set Network Mask is after the IP address, put a / followed by the number of mask bits.
In this case, /24 is equivalent to 255.255.255.0 |
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| E: Select IPs at the bottom of the Netsmith window to verify port configuration. |
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F: Go to the Port Mgr tab to verify port configuration.
NOTE:The Bridged Mode WanLink is connected between rddVR0b and rddVR1b which both have 0.0.0.0 IP addresses. |
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- Create a Layer-3 Connection.
| A: Go to the Layer-3 tab and select Create. |
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B: The RDD-FIRE connection will use the A-side ports of the Redirect Device pairs.
These are the ports rddVR0 and rddVR1 that were assigned IP addresses in step 2. |
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| C: Verify the Layer-3 connection. |
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- Run LANforge-FIRE to yourself through LANforge-ICE!
| A: Highlight the Layer-3 Cross Connect and select 'Start'. |
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| B: Select 'Display' to show the Layer-3 Cross Connect details. |
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| C: Go to the Status tab and select 'Netsmith' to view the
graphical representation of the setup. |
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| D: Right-click to display the WanLink details. |
 |
Candela Technologies, Inc., 2026 Main Street, Suite A, P.O. Box 3285, Ferndale, WA 98248, USA
www.candelatech.com | sales@candelatech.com | +1 360 380 1618
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Routed Mode WanLinks with Virtual Routers
Goal: To setup a Routed Mode WanLink between two Virtual Routers.
In this test scenario, LANforge-ICE is used to simulate a routed network where
incoming traffic on one port is sent through one Virtual Router then through
a WanLink, then through a second Virtual Router and then finally out to
a port on a different network.
- Setup a Netsmith Connection.
| A: Go to the Status tab and select Netsmith. |
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| B: Right-click to create a new connection. |
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| C: Take defaults, Auto Create everything and select 'OK'. |
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| D: Select 'Apply' in the Netsmith window to create the connection. |
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- Setup two Virtual Routers
- Configure the ports on the ends of the WanLink.
| A: Right-click port rddVR0 and select Modify Port. |
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B: Assign an IP address and Network Mask.
This example uses 10.1.1.100 and 255.255.255.0. |
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| C: Right-click port rddVR1 and select Modify Port. |
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D: Assign an IP address and Network Mask.
This example uses 10.1.1.101 and 255.255.255.0. |
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- Drag the ends of the WanLink into the Virtual Routers.
| A: Left-click and drag rddVR0 into Router-0. |
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| B: Left-click and drag rddVR1 into Router-1. |
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| C: Select the 'Apply' button at the bottom of the Netsmith window. |
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- Setup the Routed Mode WanLink characteristics.
| A: Right-click the WanLink and select Modify Wanlink. |
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B: Verify that the B-side ports, rddVR0b and rddVR1b are filled in.
Also be sure to set the impairment, if any, as well as backlog-buffer and transfer rate.
Select 'OK' when done. |
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| C: Right-click the WanLink and select Toggle Wanlink to set its status to Running (green). |
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- Setup the physical ports.
| A: Right-click port eth0 and select Modify Port. |
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B: Assign port eth0 an IP address and Network Mask.
This example uses 172.1.1.1 and 255.255.255.0. |
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| C: Drag port eth0 into Router-0. |
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| D: Right-click port eth1 and select Modify Port. |
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E: Assign port eth1 an IP address and Network Mask.
This example uses 172.2.2.1 and 255.255.255.0. |
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F: If either physical port connects to a larger routed network, right-click the port
and select 'Modify' to fill in the values for Next Hop and Subnets as follows:
Next Hop is the default gateway of your next network hop.
Subnets can be up to 8 different subnets or 0.0.0.0/0 for any subnet.
Click 'OK' when done, then select 'Apply' in Netsmith to apply your changes. |
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| G: Drag port eth1 into Router-1. |
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| H: Select the 'Apply' button at the bottom of the Netsmith window. |
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- Run traffic and verify results.
Candela Technologies, Inc., 2026 Main Street, Suite A, P.O. Box 3285, Ferndale, WA 98248, USA
www.candelatech.com | sales@candelatech.com | +1 360 380 1618
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Routed Mode WanLinks with a Single Physical Port
Goal: To setup a Routed Mode WanLink between two Virtual Routers that only use one physical port.
In this test scenario, LANforge-ICE is used to simulate a routed network where
a single physical port is used for incoming and outgoing traffic. The traffic
will enter the physical port and will then be sent through two Virtual Routers
connected by a WanLink and then back out the same physical port.
- Setup a Netsmith Connection.
| A: Go to the Status tab and select Netsmith. |
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| B: Right-click to create a new connection. |
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| C: Take defaults, Auto Create everything and select 'OK'. |
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| D: Select 'Apply' in the Netsmith window to create the connection. |
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- Setup two Virtual Routers
- Configure the ports on the ends of the WanLink.
| A: Right-click port rddVR0 and select Modify Port. |
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B: Assign an IP address and Network Mask.
This example uses 10.1.1.100 and 255.255.255.0. |
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| C: Right-click port rddVR1 and select Modify Port. |
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D: Assign an IP address and Network Mask.
This example uses 10.1.1.101 and 255.255.255.0. |
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- Drag the ends of the WanLink into the Virtual Routers.
| A: Left-click and drag rddVR0 into Router-0. |
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| B: Left-click and drag rddVR1 into Router-1. |
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| C: Select the 'Apply' button at the bottom of the Netsmith window. |
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- Setup the Routed Mode WanLink characteristics.
| A: Right-click the WanLink and select Modify Wanlink. |
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B: Verify that the B-side ports, rddVR0b and rddVR1b are filled in.
Also be sure to set the impairment, if any, as well as backlog-buffer and transfer rate.
Select 'OK' when done. |
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| C: Right-click the WanLink and select Toggle Wanlink to set its status to Running (green). |
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- Setup MAC VLANs.
| A: Go to the Port Mgr tab, highlight eth0 and select 'Create'. |
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B: Check the MAC-VLAN button.
Set a MAC address that begins with 00 such as 00:11:33:55:77:01.
Set the Quantity to 2.
Set the IP Address to 172.1.1.1 and IP Mask to 255.255.255.0.
Leave the Gateway IP field blank.
Select 'OK' when done. |
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| C: Highlight eth0#1 and select 'Modify'. |
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| D: Set eth0#1 IP address to 172.2.2.1 and IP Mask to 255.255.255.0. |
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| E: Highlight eth1 and select 'Create'. |
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F: Check the MAC-VLAN button.
Set a MAC address that begins with 00 such as 00:22:44:66:88:01.
Set the Quantity to 2.
Set the IP Address to 172.1.1.100 and IP Mask to 255.255.255.0.
Set the Gateway IP to 172.1.1.1.
Select 'OK' when done. |
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| G: Highlight eth1#1 and select 'Modify'. |
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| H: Set eth1#1 IP address to 172.2.2.100, IP Mask to 255.255.255.0
and Gateway IP to 172.2.2.1. |
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- Configure Netsmith.
- Setup a Layer-3 UDP connection between eth1#0 and eth1#1.
| A: Go to the Layer-3 tab and select 'Create'. |
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B: Set Endpoint A to be eth1#0 and Endpoint B to be eth1#1.
Set the name of the CX, CX Type to LANforge UDP and set the Report Timer to 1000.
Set the Min/Max Tx Rate to 1024000 and the Min/Max Pkt Size to 1472. |
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| C: Highlight the new connection and select 'Start'. |
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| D: You will get a pop-up warning, but you can ignore
it because the two MAC VLAN interfaces are on different subnets and are connected
by the Routed Mode WanLink. |
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| E: Netsmith now shows the new connection and traffic flowing
through the Routed Mode WanLink. |
 |
Candela Technologies, Inc., 2026 Main Street, Suite A, P.O. Box 3285, Ferndale, WA 98248, USA
www.candelatech.com | sales@candelatech.com | +1 360 380 1618
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Routed Mode WanLink with WanPaths
Goal: To setup a Routed Mode WanLink with WanPaths.
In this test scenario, LANforge-ICE is used to filter traffic by IP address
on a WanLink with the use of WanPaths.
- Setup a Netsmith connection.
| A: Go to the Status tab and select Netsmith. |
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| B: Right-click to create a new connection. |
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| C: Take defaults, Auto Create everything and select 'OK'. |
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| D: Select 'Apply' in the Netsmith window to create the connection. |
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| E: The Netsmith window after applying changes. |
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- Setup the WanLink.
| A: Right-click the WanLink, and select Modify WanLink.
|  |
| B: Setup the WanLink with values larger than what each of the
WanPaths will use. WanPaths are subordinate to WanLinks so WanLinks should be configured
to handle the bandwidth and buffering required by all of its WanPaths.
Select 'Apply' and leave the WanLink Create/Modify window OPEN. |
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- Setup the WanPaths.
A: Select 'Create-WP' on Entry Point A to create a new WanPath on this WanLink.
In order to filter by specific IP address, use a Source and Dest Mask of 32 to exactly
match the IP coming in on the Entry Point. Select OK to create the WanPath. |
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B: Select 'Create-WP' on Entry Point B to create a new WanPath on this WanLink.
The values for this WanPath will be reversed from the first one so that the Source and Destination IPs
are swapped around. Select OK to create the WanPath. |
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| C: Repeat for another set of IP addresses on this WanLink. |
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| D: Swap the Source and Destination IPs for this corresponding WanPath. |
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| E: Verify that the WanPaths on this WanLink are setup correctly, then select OK
on the WanLink itself. |
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- Setup the ports with IP addresses.
| A: Right-click the WanLink and select Toggle Wanlink. |
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| B: Right-click port rddVR0 and select Modify Port. |
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| C: Setup an IP address that is on a different network than the WanPath entry points. |
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| D: Setup an IP address on port rddVR1 that is on the same network as rddVR0. |
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- Add the Virtual Routers.
| A: Right-click in Netsmith and select New Router. |
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| B: Take the defaults or change the Virtual Router name and graphical size. |
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| C: Create a second Virtual Router. |
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| D: Left-click rddVR0 and drag it inside Router-0. |
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| E: Left-click rddVR1 and drag it inside Router-1. |
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| F: Apply your changes in Netsmith. |
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- Setup the external interfaces.
| A: Right-click port eth0 and select Modify Port. |
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| B: Setup eth0 with a valid IP address and IP mask that is on the same network as the WanPath
entry points ep-1 and ep-3. |
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| C: Left-click port eth0 and drag it inside Router-0. |
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| D: Setup eth1 with a valid IP address and IP mask that is on the same network as the WanPath
entry points ep-2 and ep-4. |
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| E: Drag eth1 inside Router-1 and Apply changes in Netsmith. |
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- Run traffic to LANforge-ICE ports eth0 and eth1, then display results.
| A: Right-click the WanLink and select Display Wanlink. |
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| B: The lower half of the WanLink display shows traffic passing
on WanPath entry points ep-3 and ep-4 and other IP address are excluded from passing on the WanLink. |
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| C: Highlight a WanPath and select Display Selected Paths in the
lower left hand side of the WanLink display window. |
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Candela Technologies, Inc., 2026 Main Street, Suite A, P.O. Box 3285, Ferndale, WA 98248, USA
www.candelatech.com | sales@candelatech.com | +1 360 380 1618
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Virtual Router with DHCP Service
Goal: To setup a Virtual Router with one interface serving DHCP.
In this test scenario, a LANforge Virtual Router is created with one
interface setup to serve DHCP to two remote redirect interfaces that
are setup to be DHCP clients.
- Setup a Virtual Router and two Netsmith Connections.
| A: Go to the Status tab and select Netsmith. |
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| B: Right-click to create a new virtual router.
|  |
| C: Right-click to create a new connection.
|  |
| D: Take defaults, Auto Create everything and select 'OK'. |
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| E: Repeat and create a second connection. |
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F: Select the 'Apply' button to commit the changes in Netsmith to the LANforge Server.
NOTE:Modifications in Netsmith are only sent to the LANforge Server after Applying them. |
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- Setup the WanLinks.
| A: Right-click the first WanLink select Modify WanLink. |
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| B: Enter values specific to your test and select 'OK'. |
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| C: Right-click to toggle the WanLink status to Running (green). |
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| D: Repeat for the second WanLink and set it to Running (green). |
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- Setup the ports.
| A: Right-click port rddVR0 and select 'Create Ports'. |
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| B: Select Bridge from the available connection types, name it, and select 'OK'. |
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C: Right-click the bridge port and select 'Modify Port'.
NOTE: You will have to select the 'Sync' button for your newly created bridge port
to appear in the Netsmith window. |
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| D: Assign an IP address and IP mask, then select 'Apply'. |
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E: Type interface names rddVR0 and rddVR2 in the whitespace below
the Add Ports button so that you can add them as bridge members. |
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| F: Select 'Add Ports' to add the interfaces as bridge members, then select 'OK'. |
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| G: The Netsmith window now shows a bridge port with two bridge members. |
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- Setup DHCP Server and Clients.
| A: Drag the bridge port into the virtual router. |
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| B: Right-click the bridge port and select Modify. |
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C: Select the DHCP checkbox at the bottom of the window and
enter in your desired DHCP Server configuration, then select 'OK'. |
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| D: Right-click interface rddVR1 and select 'Modify Port'. |
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| E: Select the DHCP checkbox to make this interface a DHCP client, then select 'OK'. |
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| F: Repeat for interface rddVR3, then select Netsmith Apply. |
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G: After the Netsmith apply, the clients will acquire IP addresses from
the DHCP server. Enable the IPs checkbox at the bottom of the Netsmith
window to see the IP addresses of the DHCP clients. |
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- Create a Layer-3 Connection.
| A: Go to the Layer-3 tab and select Create. |
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| B: The RDD-FIRE connection for this example will use interfaces rddVR1 and rddVR3. |
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| C: Verify the Layer-3 connection. |
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- Run LANforge-FIRE to yourself through LANforge-ICE!
| A: Highlight the Layer-3 Cross Connect and select 'Start'. |
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| B: Go to the Status tab and select 'Netsmith' to view the
graphical representation of the setup. |
 |
Candela Technologies, Inc., 2026 Main Street, Suite A, P.O. Box 3285, Ferndale, WA 98248, USA
www.candelatech.com | sales@candelatech.com | +1 360 380 1618
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Virtual Router with NAT
Goal: To setup a Virtual Router with one interface performing NAT on outgoing traffic.
In this test scenario, a pair of Virtual Routers are connected with a Redirected Interface
connection with one side of the connection performing NAT on outgoing traffic. Two additional
Redirected Interface connections are configured to pass traffic and demonstrate NAT.
- Setup two Virtual Routers and three Netsmith Connections.
A: From the Netsmith window, right-click and create
a virtual router. |
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| B: Repeat to create another virtual router.
|  |
| C: Right-click to create a new connection.
|  |
| D: Check the SKIP option on Port 1-B, WanLink and Port 2-B, then select 'OK'. |
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| E: Repeat and create two more connections. |
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F: Select the 'Apply' button to commit the changes in Netsmith to the LANforge Server.
NOTE:Modifications in Netsmith are only sent to the LANforge Server after Applying them. |
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- Setup the Ports.
A: Right-click the rdd ports and select Modify Port
and assign each pair of rdd ports a unique subnet and IP address. |
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| B: Enable the IPs checkbox to view the IP addresses of the rdd ports. |
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C: Set up rddVR3 and rddVR5 with a Default Gateway that corresponds to
their peer rdd interface. In this example, rddVR3 has a default gateway
of 20.20.20.1 and rddVR5 has a default gateway of 30.30.30.1. |
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- Move the Redirected Interfaces into their desired positions.
| A: Drag rddVR0 into Router-0 and rddVR1 into Router-1. |
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| B: Drag rddVR2 into Router-0 and rddVR4 into Router-1. |
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| C: Select Netsmith Apply to commit the changes. |
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- Create a TCP connection and sniff traffic without NAT.
| A: Go to the Layer-3 tab and select 'Create'. |
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B: Create a Layer-3 TCP connection between endpoints
rddVR3 and rddVR5 then select 'OK'. |
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| C: In Netsmith, right-click the TCP connection and select 'Start'. |
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D: Right-click port rddVR1 and select 'Sniff Port'.
NOTE: You must have wireshark properly installed as described here:
Installing Wireshark
|
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| E: After wireshark begins, notice that the source and destination IP addresses
are from 20.20.20.20 (rddVR3) and 30.30.30.30 (rddVR5) as expected without NAT enabled. |
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- Enable NAT and sniff traffic on the same port.
| A: Right-click the TCP connection and select 'Stop'. |
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| B: Right-click rddVR0 and select 'Modify'. |
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| C: Select the NAT checkbox, select 'OK', then select Netsmith Apply. |
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| D: Right-click the TCP connection and select 'Start'. |
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| E: Right-click port rddVR1 and select 'Sniff Port'. |
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F: After wireshark begins, notice that any source or destination
IP address from or to 20.20.20.20 (rddVR3) has been NAT'd to be 10.10.10.10 because
rddVR0 is now performing NAT on all outgoing traffic. |
 |
Candela Technologies, Inc., 2026 Main Street, Suite A, P.O. Box 3285, Ferndale, WA 98248, USA
www.candelatech.com | sales@candelatech.com | +1 360 380 1618
-
Multiple Layer-2 Switches
Goal: To emulate the behavior of five Layer-2 Switches connected together for traffic fail-over testing.
In this test scenario, the function of several layer-2 switches will be emulated using multiple LANforge Bridge devices
with Spanning Tree Protocol so that each bridge can be connected to at least two others and fail-over tests can be demonstrated.
- Setup seven Netsmith Connections.
| A: From the Netsmith window, right-click and create
a new connection. |
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| B: Take defaults, Auto Create everything then select 'OK'. |
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| C: Repeat and create six more connections. |
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D: Select the 'Apply' button to commit the changes in Netsmith to the LANforge Server.
NOTE: Modifications in Netsmith are only sent to the LANforge Server after Applying them. |
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- Setup five Bridge devices.
| A: Right-click one of the physical ports and select Create Ports. |
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B: Choose Bridge, name the bridge, select 'Apply' then repeat and create four more bridges.
There should now be 5 bridges named sw-0, sw-1, sw-2, sw-3 and sw-4. |
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| C: In Netsmith, arrange the bridge devices into separate areas as shown. |
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- Move the WanLinks into their desired positions.
A: Move the WanLinks into their desired positions.
Bridges sw-0, sw-1 and sw-2 should each have 2 wanlinks, one to sw-3 and one to sw-4.
Bridges sw-3 and sw-4 should also have a wanlink between them. |
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| B: Select Netsmith Apply to commit the changes. |
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- Modify each Bridge to enable Spanning Tree Protocol and add Bridge Members.
| A: Right-click bridge sw-0 and select Modify Ports. |
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| B: Select Bridge Info and enable Spanning Tree, then add bridge members rddVR0 and rddVR2. |
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C: Right-click bridge sw-1, select Modify Ports, then enable STP and add members
rddVR4 and rddVR6. |
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D: Right-click bridge sw-2, select Modify Ports, then enable STP and add members
rddVR8 and rddVR10. |
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E: Right-click bridge sw-3, select Modify Ports, then enable STP and add members
rddVR1, rddVR5, rddVR9 and rddVR12. |
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F: Right-click bridge sw-4, select Modify Ports, then enable STP and add members
rddVR3, rddVR7, rddVR11 and rddVR13. |
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G: Right-click and toggle all WanLinks so that they are running.
NOTE: Set each wanlink to be at least 4Mbps to work with the traffic speeds used below. |
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- Create virtual interfaces for traffic generation and fail-over tests.
| A: Right-click sw-0, select Create Ports and choose Redirect. |
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| B: Add rddA to sw-0.
|  |
C: Right-click rddB, select Create Ports and choose MAC-VLAN.
Enter a starting MAC address, quantity 5, and starting IP address. |
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| D: Repeat for sw-1. |
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| E: Repeat for sw-2. |
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- Create Layer-3 connections.
A: On the Layer-3 tab, create a Layer-3 UDP connection between
rddB#0 and rddD#0. |
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| B: Create 4 more connections between the rest of the rddB and rddD ports. |
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C: Create 5 connections between the rddD and rddF ports.
Then create 5 connections between the rddF and rddB ports for a total of 15 connections. |
 |
- Test Fail-Over condition.
Candela Technologies, Inc., 2026 Main Street, Suite A, P.O. Box 3285, Ferndale, WA 98248, USA
www.candelatech.com | sales@candelatech.com | +1 360 380 1618
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Simulating a Multiple Hop Network
Coming Soon...
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Simulating a Network with Multiple Physical Ports
Coming Soon...